A systemic and cognitive view on collaborative knowledge building with wikis

Ulrike Creß, Joachim Kimmerle

Erstpublikation in: International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Volume 3, Number 2 / Juni 2008

Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2008

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Zusammenfassungen

In the remainder of this article we will present a theoretical model of collaborative knowledge building with wikis by assuming a systemic perspective. In this context we will discuss the differential modes of operation in social and cognitive systems. Psychological research has described the cognitive processes responsible for individual learning as assimilation and accommodation. The question arises if there are equivalent processes in social systems such as wikis. Since we are convinced there are equivalent processes, we present this article to lead to a better understanding of the processes of collaborative knowledge building. In the following presentation, we will distinguish between the processes of externalization and internalization. We will clarify these processes by applying Wikipedia examples to our model in order to illustrate our notions and to provide an empirical basis. We will then describe the four processes of learning and knowledge building that result from the distinction between external and internal processes on the one hand, and between assimilation and accommodation on the other hand. Finally, we will describe the motivational aspects of collaborative knowledge building with wikis. We attribute people’s motivation to participate in collaborative knowledge building to their perception of incongruities and to the perceived valence of the topic.

Von Ulrike Creß, Joachim Kimmerle im Text A systemic and cognitive view on collaborative knowledge building with wikis (2008)

Wikis provide new opportunities for learning and for collaborative knowledge building as well as for understanding these processes. This article presents a theoretical framework for describing how learning and collaborative knowledge building take place. In order to understand these processes, three aspects need to be considered: the social processes facilitated by a wiki, the cognitive processes of the users, and how both processes influence each other mutually. For this purpose, the model presented in this article borrows from the systemic approach of Luhmann as well as from Piaget’s theory of equilibration and combines these approaches. The model analyzes processes which take place in the social system of a wiki as well as in the cognitive systems of the users. The model also describes learning activities as processes of externalization and internalization. Individual learning happens through internal processes of assimilation and accommodation, whereas changes in a wiki are due to activities of external assimilation and accommodation which in turn lead to collaborative knowledge building. This article provides empirical examples for these equilibration activities by analyzing Wikipedia articles. Equilibration activities are described as being caused by subjectively perceived incongruities between an individuals’ knowledge and the information provided by a wiki. Incongruities of medium level cause cognitive conflicts which in turn activate the described processes of equilibration and facilitate individual learning and collaborative knowledge building.

Von Ulrike Creß, Joachim Kimmerle im Text A systemic and cognitive view on collaborative knowledge building with wikis (2008)

Dieser Text erwähnt ...

Personen
KB IB clear

Carl Bereiter , Ludwig von Bertalanffy , Axel Bruns , Todd Bryant , Ward Cunningham , Kushal Dave , Mark Guzdial , Hee-Seop Han , Sun-Gwan Han , Sal Humphreys , Colleen Kehoe , Soo-Hwan Kim , Bo Leuf , Niklas Luhmann , Kevin Makice , Humberto R. Maturana , Michele Notari , Seymour Papert , Christian Pentzold , Silvan Reinhold , Will Richardson , Jochen Rick , Marlene Scardamalia , Sebastian Seidenglanz , Gerry Stahl , David Turner , Francisco J. Varela , Fernanda B. Viégas , Chien-min Wang , Martin Wattenberg

Fragen
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Warum beteiligen sich Menschen an einem Wiki?

Begriffe
KB IB clear

Akkommodation Accommodation , Assimilation assimilation , Autopoiese autopoiesis , CSCL Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning , CSCW Computer-supported collaborative work ,

Lernen

learning , social software social software , Strukturelle Koppelung , System system ,

Weblogs

blogging , Wiki wiki , Wiki in education Wiki in education ,

Wikipedia

Bücher

Jahr	Titel	Abrufe	IB	OB	KB	LB
1969	General System Theory (Ludwig von Bertalanffy)	3, 1, 7, 3, 2, 3, 3, 1, 5, 7, 2, 10	23	3	10	766
1980	Autopoiesis and Cognition (Humberto R. Maturana, Francisco J. Varela)	1, 4, 13, 2, 8, 8, 4, 3, 6, 8, 3, 10	58	12	10	3619
1982	Mindstorms (Seymour Papert)	4, 7, 19, 8, 13, 12, 5, 18, 9, 25, 4, 9	347	47	9	5977
1984	Soziale Systeme (Niklas Luhmann)	4, 2, 15, 2, 10, 11, 3, 2, 5, 13, 8, 12	91	42	12	3141
1996	CSCL (Timothy D. Koschmann)	1, 1, 12, 5, 7, 9, 10, 3, 5, 11, 8, 10	101	52	10	1582
1997	Die Gesellschaft der Gesellschaft (Niklas Luhmann)	3, 2, 4, 15, 10, 11, 5, 3, 5, 9, 7, 10	85	21	10	1826
2001	The Wiki Way (Bo Leuf, Ward Cunningham)	4, 8, 18, 6, 12, 11, 4, 9, 10, 13, 7, 15	106	54	15	4658
2002	Computer Support for Collaborative Learning (Gerry Stahl)	4, 4, 5, 2, 7, 7, 4, 2, 8, 8, 9, 4	45	56	4	1864
2005	WikiSym 2005	1, 8, 11, 3, 7, 7, 3, 5, 5, 12, 4, 4	70	62	4	2206
2006	Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts, and Other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms (Will Richardson)	4, 10, 15, 16, 18, 23, 20, 23, 12, 17, 12, 16	23	73	16	3835
2006	Educause Quarterly 2/06	2, 4, 6, 4, 6, 3, 5, 1, 4, 9, 4, 7	4	46	7	1012
2006	International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Volume 1	3, 5, 6, 2, 9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 13, 4, 11	14	107	11	970
2006	WikiSym 2006	2, 6, 13, 4, 9, 11, 7, 3, 7, 14, 4, 7	49	124	7	2302
2006	Innovative Approaches for Learning and Knowledge Sharing	4, 3, 10, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 11, 4, 3	5	74	3	2506

Texte

Jahr	Titel	Abrufe	IB	OB	KB	LB
1994	Computer Support for Knowledge-Building Communities (Marlene Scardamalia, Carl Bereiter)	1, 7, 6, 3, 3, 7, 4, 4, 3, 8, 7, 7	52	7	7	1881
2001	Beyond Adoption to Invention (Mark Guzdial, Jochen Rick, Colleen Kehoe)	2, 4, 8, 5, 7, 7, 2, 5, 7, 17, 1, 8	26	23	8	2570
2002	Contributions to a Theoretical Framework for CSCL (Gerry Stahl)	1, 1, 4, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 7, 6, 3	2	17	3	794
2004	Studying Cooperation and Conflict between Authors with history flow Visualizations (Fernanda B. Viégas, Martin Wattenberg, Kushal Dave)	1, 6, 6, 2, 3, 9, 5, 1, 2, 8, 2, 4	19	13	4	1381
2004	Extending the Wiki Paradigm for Use in the Classroom (Chien-min Wang, David Turner)	2, 4, 8, 4, 2, 20, 16, 6, 7, 11, 2, 7	12	10	7	1290
2005	Wikis in Teaching and Assessment (Axel Bruns, Sal Humphreys)	1, 6, 6, 2, 2, 7, 5, 3, 2, 9, 4, 4	31	9	4	1193
2006	Situating CoWeb (Mark Guzdial, Jochen Rick)	1, 5, 9, 4, 3, 8, 5, 4, 5, 16, 6, 12	9	37	12	1451
2006	Social Software in Academia (Todd Bryant)	1, 2, 4, 3, 2, 5, 3, 2, 3, 6, 3, 8	3	24	8	1024
2006	PoliticWiki (Kevin Makice)	2, 2, 4, 3, 1, 5, 3, 1, 6, 6, 3, 7	2	10	7	744
2006	Foucault@Wiki (Christian Pentzold, Sebastian Seidenglanz)	7, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 6, 5, 10	2	6	10	820
2006	WikiTrails (Silvan Reinhold)	1, 5, 6, 4, 1, 6, 2, 6, 2, 6, 4, 9	9	14	9	1028
2006	How to use a wiki in education (Michele Notari)		12	2	0	0
2006	The Study on Effective Programming Learning Using Wiki Community Systems (Soo-Hwan Kim, Hee-Seop Han, Sun-Gwan Han)		1	2	0	0

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Nicht erwähnte Begriffe

Perturbation, Weblogs in education

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